RELM
RELM, short for resistin-like molecule, is a family of secreted cysteine-rich adipokines involved in metabolism and immune regulation. The RELM family includes several mouse proteins, notably RELMα (also called FIZZ1), RELMβ (Gob5), and RELMγ, encoded by the Retnla, Retnlb, and Retnlc genes. In humans, the closest relatives are resistin (RETN) and related RETN-like molecules, with expression patterns that differ from those seen in mice.
Expression and tissue distribution vary by member and species. In mice, RELMα is produced by adipocytes and
Biological roles attributed to RELM proteins include regulation of energy metabolism and insulin sensitivity, as well
Receptors and signaling pathways proposed for RELMs include CAP1 (adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 1) as a candidate,
Clinical relevance remains exploratory. Altered RELM levels have been linked to obesity, type 2 diabetes, and