Prämenstruelle

Prämenstruelle refers to the period of time before menstruation begins. It is commonly known as the premenstrual phase. During this phase, hormonal changes occur in the female body in preparation for a potential pregnancy or for menstruation.

The most significant hormonal shifts involve estrogen and progesterone. Estrogen levels typically rise in the first half of the menstrual cycle and then fall. Progesterone levels rise after ovulation and remain elevated if pregnancy occurs or drop if it does not, triggering menstruation. These fluctuations can affect various bodily functions and mood.

Many women experience physical and emotional symptoms during the prämenstruelle phase, collectively known as premenstrual syndrome (PMS). These symptoms can vary greatly in intensity and type from person to person and from cycle to cycle. Common physical symptoms include bloating, breast tenderness, headaches, fatigue, and changes in appetite. Emotional symptoms may include mood swings, irritability, anxiety, sadness, and difficulty concentrating.

The exact causes of PMS are not fully understood, but hormonal changes are believed to play a major role. Other contributing factors may include genetics, diet, stress, and certain nutrient deficiencies. While the prämenstruelle phase is a natural biological process, the symptoms associated with PMS can sometimes be bothersome or significantly impact a woman's daily life. Lifestyle adjustments, such as dietary changes, regular exercise, and stress management techniques, can often help alleviate these symptoms. In more severe cases, medical intervention may be considered.