Prototyper

Prototyper is a term used in product development to describe a person who creates prototypes of new products, services, or interfaces. The prototyper translates concepts into tangible, testable models to evaluate feasibility, usability, and performance throughout the development process.

Responsibilities include selecting appropriate fabrication or software methods, building physical or digital prototypes, integrating subsystems, conducting basic testing, and documenting design decisions. They work with designers, engineers, researchers, and manufacturers to iterate designs quickly.

Common tools and methods: 3D printing, CNC machining, laser cutting, electronics prototyping with breadboards and microcontrollers, PCB layouts, and software-based mockups such as wireframes or interactive demos. In software teams, prototyping may involve rapid UI mockups in tools like Figma, InVision, or code-based sandboxes; in hardware teams, it may involve breadboards and assembled enclosures.

Process: an iterative cycle of ideation, prototyping, user testing, feedback, and refinement. The prototyper helps determine appropriate fidelity and resource use for each stage, balancing speed and realism to reduce risk before full-scale production.

Context and career: Prototypers appear in hardware startups, consumer electronics, industrial design, and UX research groups; roles may be titled prototype engineer, rapid prototyping engineer, or prototyping specialist. Training often combines engineering, design, and hands-on fabrication skills, with proficiency in CAD, electronics, programming, and usability testing. See also prototype, MVP, rapid prototyping, and user testing.