Projektform

Projektform is an organizational form in which work is structured around projects rather than within traditional functional departments. It is characterized by temporary, goal-oriented undertakings with a defined start and end, a dedicated project team, and a project manager who wields significant authority over resources and decisions related to the project. In a Projektform, cross-functional teams draw on specialists from different areas to achieve a specific objective, often with a defined budget and schedule. The form contrasts with conventional functional structures where tasks are performed within established departments and projects are carried out by existing line authority.

Variants include pure project organization, where the project team operates independently of the functional structure, and matrix forms, where personnel report to both functional and project managers. The approach aims to improve responsiveness, coordination, and focus on deliverables, particularly for complex or innovative tasks. Key processes include project initiation and charter, planning (scope, schedule, resources, risk), execution and monitoring, and closure. Governance may involve a steering committee, a project sponsor, and defined milestones.

Benefits of the Projektform include faster decision-making, better coordination of multidisciplinary work, and alignment with strategic goals. Drawbacks can include resource duplication, conflicts between project and functional priorities, higher management overhead, and potential career fragmentation for staff. The form is commonly applied in industries such as construction, engineering, product development, and information technology, serving as a flexible solution to meet the demands of temporary, outcome-driven collaboration.