Preinstalled

Preinstalled refers to software or an operating system that is installed on a device by the manufacturer before the product is sold. This can include the OS, drivers, utilities, firmware, and additional applications or trial software bundled with the device. The term is used for computers, mobile devices, embedded hardware, and consumer electronics such as gaming consoles or smart TVs. Preinstalled software differs from programs users install after purchase, and from standalone licenses activated later.

In computers, preinstalled software typically comprises the operating system and vendor utilities that manage hardware, security features, and support tools. Mobile devices often ship with system apps and services that are part of the device image, and may include trial or carrier apps. Embedded devices and Internet of Things devices come with a fixed firmware image that provides core functionality along with preloaded apps.

The advantages include a smooth out-of-the-box experience, guaranteed compatibility, and immediate usability. The downsides can be reduced available storage, privacy considerations, and software the user may not want or be able to remove easily. Some jurisdictions regulate preinstalled apps to boost user choice and competition, encouraging makers to allow disabling, or providing easy restoration to the original preinstalled state.

Managing preinstalled software involves understanding what is included, whether it can be removed or disabled, and how updates affect it. For users, awareness of preinstalled software helps with privacy, storage planning, and evaluating overall value of the device at purchase.