Polyeteiinimuovit

Polyeteiinimuovit, commonly known as polyethylene plastics, are a group of versatile synthetic polymers derived from the monomer ethene. They are among the most widely produced plastics globally due to their excellent properties and relatively low cost. Polyethylene is characterized by its simple chemical structure, a long chain of repeating ethylene units.

There are several types of polyethylene, distinguished by their density and molecular branching, which significantly influence their physical and chemical characteristics. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) is rigid, strong, and resistant to chemicals, making it suitable for applications like milk jugs, detergent bottles, and pipes. Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is more flexible and transparent, often used for plastic bags, food packaging films, and squeeze bottles. Linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) offers a combination of strength and flexibility, finding use in heavy-duty films and bags. Polyethylene is generally resistant to water and many chemicals, has good electrical insulating properties, and is lightweight.

Polyethylene plastics are manufactured through various polymerization processes, including free-radical polymerization, Ziegler-Natta catalysis, and metallocene catalysis. These processes allow for control over the polymer's structure and properties. Polyethylene finds extensive use in packaging, agriculture, construction, automotive industries, and in the production of household goods. Its recyclability is a significant advantage, with many types of polyethylene being collected and processed into new products, contributing to a more sustainable material cycle.