Poecilotheria

Poecilotheria is a genus of tarantulas in the family Theraphosidae, commonly known as ornamental or tree-dwelling tarantulas. Endemic to the Indian subcontinent, most species occur in India and Sri Lanka, with records from nearby regions. The genus comprises numerous described species, many of which display bold coloration and intricate patterning. Notable representatives include Poecilotheria regalis, the Indian ornamental tarantula, and Poecilotheria fasciata, the Gooty sapphire tarantula, both popular in the pet trade.

Ecology and behavior: Poecilotheria are arboreal spiders that inhabit tall trees, forest edges, and plantations. They shelter in tree crevices, hollows, or bark and construct silk retreats. They are predominantly nocturnal hunters and tend to be fast and defensive when threatened.

Description: They are among the larger tarantulas, with leg spans often exceeding several inches; coloration varies by species but typically features dark bodies with striking lighter stripes or bands on the legs and abdomen. Some species, such as P. metallica, are noted for metallic blue hues.

Reproduction and life cycle: females mature after a few years and may live over a decade in captivity. After mating, the female produces an egg sac containing hundreds of eggs; spiderlings emerge after several weeks and go through several molts before reaching maturity.

Conservation and trade: habitat loss and collection for the pet trade impact wild populations. Some Poecilotheria species are listed as threatened by the IUCN. In captivity, they require tall, secure enclosures, high vertical space, controlled humidity, and minimal handling.