Pistonflyg

Pistonflyg describes flight powered by piston (reciprocating) engines that drive a propeller. This propulsion class has dominated fixed-wing aviation since the early 20th century, particularly in general aviation, flight training, and light commercial aircraft. It contrasts with turbine and electric propulsion.

Early piston engines, including inline, V, and radial configurations, powered pioneering aircraft in the 1910s and 1920s. Through the mid-20th century they remained the standard for most small aircraft, with turbine propulsion gradually taking over only in larger airliners and some military platforms.

Most aviation piston engines are air- or liquid-cooled reciprocating units. Common layouts are horizontally opposed and radial. Power is transmitted via a propeller shaft, often through a reduction gearbox. Modern engines may feature fuel injection, electronic ignition, and constant-speed propellers; fuel is typically aviation gasoline.

Power ranges commonly from about 50 to 350 horsepower in light aircraft. Maintenance focuses on engine wear, compression, and the fuel and oil systems. Piston aircraft are valued for relatively low acquisition cost and straightforward maintenance, especially in training and private aviation.

Today pistonflyg remains widespread in general aviation, offering low operating costs and broad availability of parts and service. Turbine and electric propulsion present higher performance for some roles, but piston-powered aircraft continue to be preferred for training, personal transport, and remote-area operations where simplicity and cost matter.

Notable models include the Cessna 172, Piper PA-28, Beechcraft Bonanza, and Mooney single-engine aircraft, as well as aerobatic designs like the Extra 300. These types have shaped aviation practice since the 1930s and continue into the present.