Parafiiniöljy

Parafiiniöljy, also known as petroleum paraffin oil, is a clear, colourless liquid derived from the refinement of crude oil. It consists primarily of saturated hydrocarbons in the chain lengths C10 to C20, giving it a low viscosity relative to other diesel products. The oil has a very low light absorption and a high flashpoint, making it safe for use in homes and industry.

The production of parafiiniöljy begins with fractionating crude petroleum in a refinery. During this distillation, the naphtha steam distillates are heated and cooled to separate out the naphthenic components, from which paraffin oil is recovered. The resulting product is then purified to remove sulfur, aromatic contaminants, and other impurities. Because parafiiniöljy is a byproduct of refining, it is usually available at a lower cost than many specialty oils.

Practical uses of parafiiniöljy include lighting and heat. It is commonly used in heat lamps, incense burners, and marine navigation lights. In the cosmetics industry it is applied as a skin moisturizer, a component of sunless tanning products, and a softening agent in soaps. In the manufacture of candles, paraffin wax (solidified parafiiniöljy) provides a stable, slow‑burning base. It is also found in some industrial lubricants and as a dry-film protective layer in auto and aviation paints.

The oil is chemically inert and does not oxidise quickly, which contributes to its longevity as a storage medium. However, the play between low viscosity and potential environmental persistence leads to concerns about spills and contamination of soil and water. In many jurisdictions, parafiiniöljy is classified as a hazardous waste when its use is not properly managed. Alternative eco‑friendly options include vegetable oils, beeswax, and renewable jojoba oil, which offer similar properties without the petroleum base.

In summary, parafiiniöljy is a versatile, petroleum‑based hydrocarbon with widespread industrial and consumer applications, notable for its low reactivity, ease of use, and environmental challenges.