Paney

Paney refers to a traditional, handwoven fabric originating from the southern regions of India, particularly in the states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala. The term "paney" is derived from the Tamil word *pāṇai*, meaning "handloom." This lightweight, breathable cloth is renowned for its simplicity, durability, and cultural significance, often used in everyday garments and ceremonial attire.

Paney is typically woven from cotton or silk, though cotton is the most common material due to its affordability and suitability for the region's climate. The fabric is characterized by its plain weave, which creates a fine, slightly textured surface. It is often left in its natural state or dyed with natural pigments, though modern variations may include synthetic dyes. The weaving process is labor-intensive, often carried out by skilled artisans using traditional looms, which contributes to its cultural heritage and economic importance in rural communities.

In traditional attire, paney is commonly used to make *veshti* (a lower garment for men) and *petticoats* (underwear for women), as well as *dhoti* and *lungi* styles. It is also incorporated into festive wear, such as *mundu* (a traditional wrap) and *sarees* for special occasions. The fabric’s versatility extends to home textiles, including curtains, bedspreads, and towels, where its airy texture remains practical.

Paney holds historical and cultural value, reflecting the craftsmanship of South Indian weavers. Its production has been preserved through generations, though industrialization and synthetic fabrics have posed challenges to its continued use. Efforts to promote handloom traditions have helped sustain the craft, ensuring that paney remains a symbol of regional identity and artisanal skill.