Owlidae

Owlidae is the family of owls, a group of predatory birds characterized by their forward-facing eyes, asymmetrical ear openings, and a facial disc that funnels sound. Owls are found on every continent except Antarctica. They are primarily nocturnal, though some species are diurnal or crepuscular. Their exceptional hearing and silent flight allow them to hunt effectively in low-light conditions. The family Owlidae is divided into two subfamilies: Striginae, which includes typical owls, and Tytoninae, the barn owls.

Members of Owlidae vary greatly in size, from the tiny elf owl, which can be as small as 5 inches, to the large Eurasian eagle-owl, which can have a wingspan of up to 6 feet. Their plumage is often cryptic, providing camouflage against tree bark or foliage. Owls are carnivores, preying on a variety of animals including insects, rodents, birds, and reptiles. They swallow their prey whole or in large pieces and later regurgitate indigestible parts such as bones, fur, and feathers in the form of pellets.

Owls are generally solitary birds, though they may form pairs during the breeding season. Nesting habits vary, with some species utilizing abandoned nests of other birds, tree cavities, or ground depressions, while others build their own nests. Their calls are diverse, ranging from hoots and whistles to screeches and barks, and serve purposes such as territorial defense and mate attraction. The conservation status of owl species varies, with some being common while others face threats from habitat loss and other human-induced factors.