Operaationjärjestelmä

Operaatiojärjestelmä, or operating system, is fundamental software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs. It acts as an intermediary between the user and the computer hardware, making the system easier to use. Key functions of an operating system include process management, memory management, file system management, and device management.

Process management involves allocating CPU time to various tasks and ensuring they run smoothly. Memory management handles the allocation and deallocation of main memory to running programs, preventing conflicts and optimizing usage. File system management organizes and controls how data is stored, retrieved, and managed on storage devices. Device management allows the operating system to interact with hardware peripherals like printers, keyboards, and displays.

Operating systems can be categorized in various ways, such as by their user interface (graphical user interface or command-line interface), their purpose (desktop, server, mobile, embedded), or their architecture. Examples of popular operating systems include Microsoft Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, and iOS. Without an operating system, a computer would be unable to run applications or interact with its hardware in a meaningful way. It is the backbone of all modern computing.