Oorlogsmisdadiger

Oorlogsmisdadiger is a Dutch term that translates to "war criminal". It refers to an individual who has committed grave breaches of international humanitarian law during times of armed conflict. These offenses, often referred to as war crimes, can encompass a wide range of actions, including but not limited to willful killing, torture, or inhuman treatment of prisoners of war or civilians, extensive destruction and appropriation of property not justified by military necessity and carried out unlawfully and wantonly, compelling a prisoner of war or other protected person to serve in the forces of a hostile power, or willfully depriving a prisoner of war or other protected person of the rights of fair and regular trial.

The prosecution of oorlogsmisdadigers is typically carried out through international tribunals, such as the International Criminal Court, or through national courts under universal jurisdiction principles. The concept of individual criminal responsibility for war crimes gained significant prominence after World War II with the Nuremberg and Tokyo trials. The aim is to ensure accountability for atrocities and to deter future violations of the laws of war. International law defines war crimes as serious violations that can be committed by combatants and non-combatants alike, targeting both military personnel and civilians. The legal framework surrounding war crimes continues to evolve, reflecting the complexities of modern warfare.