Neerukahjustus
Neerukahjustus is a medical term describing injury or damage to the kidneys that impairs their ability to filter blood. In Estonian-language medical literature, the term covers both acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) with kidney damage as a common feature. AKI refers to a rapid decline in kidney function over hours to days, while CKD denotes persistent damage and gradual loss of function over months to years.
Common causes include dehydration and low blood flow to the kidneys, sepsis, urinary tract obstruction, autoimmune
Symptoms of AKI may include reduced urine production, swelling in legs or ankles, fatigue, nausea, and confusion,
Diagnosis relies on labs (serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate, BUN), urinalysis (proteinuria, hematuria), imaging (ultrasound,
Treatment depends on the cause and disease stage. AKI management focuses on restoring kidney perfusion, avoiding
Prevention includes adequate hydration, careful medication use, vaccination, and regular monitoring in high-risk groups. The prognosis