Nebulizator

Nebulizator, also known as a nebulizer, is a medical device that converts liquid medication into an aerosol mist inhaled into the lungs. It is used to treat conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchitis, cystic fibrosis, and other respiratory diseases. Nebulizers are typically prescribed when inhalers are unsuitable, when higher doses are needed, or for patients who have difficulty using inhalers.

There are several types of nebulizers. Jet nebulizers use compressed air or oxygen to produce aerosol; ultrasonic models employ high-frequency vibrations; mesh nebulizers use a vibrating mesh to generate the mist. Jet and mesh devices are common for home use. Nebulizers can deliver medication through a mask for children or a mouthpiece for adults.

Common medications delivered by nebulizers include bronchodilators such as short-acting beta-agonists, corticosteroids, antibiotics like tobramycin, and mucolytics such as dornase alfa. The choice of medicine and its dose are determined by a clinician based on the diagnosis and compatibility with the device. Nebulized therapy can be used for acute exacerbations or chronic management.

Administration typically lasts about 5 to 20 minutes per session, with the patient breathing slowly through the mouth or wearing a mask. Spacers are generally not used with most nebulizers. Treatments may be repeated several times daily as prescribed.

Maintenance involves cleaning the device after each use, disassembling and washing with mild soap and water, and allowing parts to air dry. Do not share devices, and use only sterile or appropriately prepared solutions. Proper storage and transport as recommended by the manufacturer or clinician help prevent contamination. Possible side effects include throat irritation, coughing, or hoarseness; monitor for adverse reactions and consult a healthcare professional if needed.