Nátriumretenció

Nátriumretenció refers to the excessive retention of sodium by the kidneys, leading to an increase in the total amount of sodium in the body. This condition can have significant implications for fluid balance and blood pressure regulation.

The primary function of the kidneys is to filter waste products from the blood and regulate the body's electrolyte and fluid balance. Sodium plays a crucial role in maintaining this balance by influencing the distribution of water between the body's fluid compartments. When the kidneys retain too much sodium, water follows, leading to an increase in the body's total fluid volume.

Several factors can contribute to nátriumretenció. Hormonal imbalances, such as elevated levels of aldosterone, a hormone that promotes sodium reabsorption, are a common cause. Certain medical conditions, including heart failure, kidney disease, and liver cirrhosis, can impair the kidneys' ability to excrete sodium effectively. Medications, particularly nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and certain blood pressure medications like ACE inhibitors, can also interfere with sodium excretion.

The consequences of nátriumretenció can include edema, which is the swelling of tissues due to fluid accumulation, and hypertension, or high blood pressure, as the increased fluid volume puts more pressure on blood vessel walls. In severe cases, it can exacerbate existing cardiovascular or renal conditions.

Management of nátriumretenció typically involves addressing the underlying cause. This may include dietary modifications to reduce sodium intake, adjustments to medication regimens, and treatment of the primary medical condition contributing to the sodium retention. Diuretics, medications that promote sodium and water excretion, are often prescribed to help manage fluid overload.