Munnhygiene

Munnhygiene, the Norwegian term for oral hygiene, refers to practices that maintain the cleanliness and health of the mouth, including the teeth, gums, tongue, and other tissues. Proper munnhygiene reduces the risk of dental disease and supports overall health.

Core practices are brushing twice a day with fluoride toothpaste and daily flossing. Brushing helps remove dental plaque, a biofilm that can cause decay and gum disease. Flossing clears plaque between teeth where a brush cannot reach. Mouthwash may be used as an adjunct but should not replace brushing or flossing.

Toothbrushing should last about two minutes with a soft-bristled brush. Use gentle circular motions on all tooth surfaces and along the gumline. Rinse and spit after brushing. Replace the toothbrush every three to four months or sooner if bristles fray. Consider brushing the tongue or using a tongue scraper to reduce bacteria and bad breath.

Diet and lifestyle influence munnhygiene. Limiting sugary foods and acidic beverages lowers caries risk. Regular dental check-ups, typically every six months, enable professional cleaning, plaque removal, and early treatment of problems. Additional measures such as fluoride treatments or sealants may be recommended for children and high-risk individuals.

Common problems include dental caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis, which can progress without symptoms. Good munnhygiene reduces these risks and can improve breath and comfort. There is growing interest in links between oral health and systemic conditions, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease, though evidence varies.

Special considerations include care for children, older adults, and people wearing orthodontic appliances, where additional attention to cleaning around devices is important.