Mudelipõhine

Mudelipõhine (model-based) is an approach where a model is central to understanding, analyzing, predicting, or controlling a system. The model serves as a reference, abstraction, and tool for reasoning, simulation, and communication. The term is used across disciplines to differentiate from purely data-driven, rule-of-thumb, or ad hoc methods.

In engineering and software, mudelipõhine methods rely on explicit models, often mathematical or computational. Model-based design (MBD) uses models to develop systems and generate implementations, with simulation and verification before building real hardware. Model-based testing (MBT) derives test cases from a model of expected behavior.

In science and decision-making, model-based approaches use theoretical or computational models to explain phenomena, forecast outcomes, compare scenarios, and support policy choices. Examples include climate models, epidemiological models, and economic simulations.

In education, model-based learning engages learners in constructing, testing, and refining models to understand concepts, promoting conceptual understanding and reasoning.

Advantages include enabling early verification, what-if analysis, and improved traceability from requirements to implementation. Limitations involve the quality and completeness of the model, potential mismatch with real systems, the effort required to validate models, and the risk of oversimplification. The effectiveness of mudelipõhine methods depends on accurate representation, appropriate abstraction levels, and ongoing refinement as new information becomes available.