Mudel

Mudel is the Estonian word for model. In general, a model is a simplified representation of a system, process, or phenomenon that is used to understand, analyze, or predict its behavior. Models abstract away nonessential details and highlight relationships, dynamics, and outcomes of interest. They are used across many disciplines, including science, engineering, economics, linguistics, and education. Models can take several forms: physical models or scale replicas; mathematical models described by equations and variables; computational models implemented as computer simulations; and conceptual models such as diagrams, flowcharts, or theoretical frameworks.

Creating a mudel typically involves clarifying the purpose, defining the scope, selecting relevant variables and relationships, and stating explicit assumptions. The model is then implemented using appropriate methods and subsequently calibrated and validated by comparing its outputs with real-world observations. Documentation and transparency are important to enable reproducibility and critical evaluation. As new data become available, models are updated or revised.

Limitations include that a model is an abstraction and may not capture all relevant factors. Its usefulness depends on the validity of its assumptions and the quality and relevance of the data. Models are most informative when used for exploration, hypothesis testing, scenario analysis, or decision support, rather than as exact forecasts. The plural form in Estonian is mudelid, used when referring to multiple models.