Meiacanthus

Meiacanthus is a genus of venomous marine fish in the family Blenniidae, commonly known as sabre-toothed or fangblennies. They are small, elongated reef fishes that possess a pair of prominent canine fangs at the front of the mouth, which are connected to venom glands. This venomous bite is primarily a defense mechanism against predators rather than a hunting tool.

Using a specialized set of venom glands, the fangs deliver toxins when the mouth is closed on a perceived threat. The venom can cause intense pain and swelling in humans and is generally not lethal, but can be dangerous to sensitive individuals or in combination with other injuries.

Meiacanthus species are distributed across the Indo-Pacific region, including the Red Sea and central Pacific. They inhabit shallow, warm reef environments, often found among coral rubble and crevices where they can retreat if threatened. They are typically diurnal and form small groups or pairs, with some species displaying striking color patterns that may serve as warning coloration or mimicry.

Reproduction involves external fertilization with eggs laid in nests or attached to substrates; males guard the eggs until hatching. Many species are known for color variation and patterns, and some exhibit mimicry of non-venomous species to reduce predation.

Among the better-known species is Meiacanthus grammistes, commonly called the panda blenny, which is noted for its distinctive vertical bars. The genus contains numerous described species, all sharing the characteristic venomous fangs.