Marksmanship

Marksmanship refers to the skill of accurately shooting a firearm or bow at a target, and to the broader discipline of training and techniques that support precision and consistency. It emphasizes precise aiming, breath control, trigger manipulation, stance, sight picture, and follow-through, as well as recoil management and mental focus. Mastery is often defined by consistency under varying conditions and within specific scoring systems.

Fundamental techniques include stable stance or seated position, proper grip, alignment of sights with the target, controlled breath, trigger squeeze without disturbing the aim, and maintaining focus after shot. Dry-fire practice (no ammunition) and live-fire practice are used to develop these skills. Range safety, discipline, and range etiquette are essential.

Equipment ranges from rifles and pistols to bows in some definitions. Scopes, sights, and optics may improve precision; shooting apparel and rest devices can aid stability. In competition, marksmanship is tested across disciplines such as precision rifle, rapid-fire pistol, and airgun events, using standardized targets and scoring rings.

Historically, marksmanship emerged in military training and hunting traditions and evolved into formal sport with organized shooting leagues and Olympic events. Training emphasizes mental preparation, consistency, and ethics of safety and fair play.