Logikcontroller

Logikcontroller is a generic term used to describe a device or software component that executes logical operations to control a system. It processes input signals from sensors and switches, applies predefined logic or control algorithms, and generates output signals to actuators. Logikcontrollers are used in a wide range of domains from industrial automation to embedded systems.

They may be realized as discrete hardware logic, a microcontroller-based module, or a dedicated programmable logic controller (PLC). In automation, PLCs are a common form of logikcontroller. Modern logikcontrollers include CPUs and memory, input/output interfaces, and communication capabilities; or they can be implemented as part of a microcontroller or FPGA.

Programming languages: For PLCs, IEC 61131-3 standard defines several languages such as ladder logic, function block diagram, structured text, instruction list, and sequential function chart. In hardware-oriented designs, logic is described with Boolean expressions and sequential circuits using flip-flops and state machines. Real-time constraints and deterministic execution are key design considerations.

Applications: door access systems, traffic light control, packaging lines, robotics, home automation. Example: a simple door lock logikcontroller reads a keypad input and a sensor to decide whether to grant access and unlock a door.

Design considerations: reliability, safety, fault tolerance, timing, power conditioning, and environmental robustness. Standards include safety and interoperability guidelines; design often follows IEC 61131-3 for programming in PLC environments.

See also: programmable logic controller, microcontroller, digital logic, PLC programming languages.