Liikumiskaugusi

Liikumiskaugusi is a term used in biomechanics, medicine, and robotics to describe the extent to which a body part, joint, or mechanical element can move. It encompasses the range of movement or travel available within the system’s constraints, whether anatomical or engineered. The concept is applied to both angular and linear movement, and its precise meaning can vary by field.

In biomechanics and medicine, liikumiskaugus typically refers to range of motion (ROM). This is often divided into active ROM, which a person can achieve independently, and passive ROM, which is achieved with external assistance. ROM is measured in degrees for joints and, when relevant, in millimeters for linear travel. Common assessment tools include goniometers and digital inclinometers, used in standardized protocols for joints such as the elbow, knee, hip, and shoulder. Factors affecting ROM include anatomy, soft tissue properties, pain, stiffness, and joint pathology.

In robotics and engineering, liikumiskaugus denotes the maximum travel of a joint, link, or actuator—specified as angular range or linear stroke. Design considerations include mechanical limits, backlash, gear ratios, motor capabilities, and control algorithms. Accurate specification and calibration are essential to ensure that commanded positions are achieved reliably during operation.

Applications of liikumiskaugus span clinical rehabilitation, prosthetics and orthotics, sports performance, ergonomics, and automated systems. Measurement accuracy and consistency are important for monitoring progress, guiding treatment, and informing design improvements.

See also: range of motion, mobility, joint ROM, actuator travel.