Lichaamstypes

Lichaamstypes, or body types, is a conceptual framework used to describe general patterns in human physique and body composition. In Dutch-speaking contexts, the term is often linked to the broader somatotype idea, which classifies physiques according to characteristic patterns of bone structure, muscle distribution, and fat storage. The concept is commonly encountered in fitness, nutrition, fashion, and health discussions as a way to discuss how people differ in shape and potential training responses.

Historically, the framework is associated with the three primary categories proposed by William Sheldon in the mid-20th century: ectomorph (lean and slender with narrow shoulders and hips), mesomorph (naturally muscular and well-proportioned), and endomorph (softer, with a tendency to higher body fat). These labels are used as shorthand to describe observable tendencies in physique, not fixed destinies. In practice, many individuals display a mix of traits rather than fitting neatly into a single category.

Modern perspectives treat body types as descriptive tendencies rather than discrete, immutable categories. Genetics, age, sex, hormones, training history, and diet influence how a body develops over time, often leading to a spectrum of shapes rather than pure types. Assessments are typically informal, based on visual observation and simple measurements of proportions and fat distribution, rather than rigorous categorization.

Despite limitations, the body-type concept can inform general guidance for training and nutrition, such as tailoring approaches to tendencies in muscle gain or fat loss. However, experts caution against using body type as a precise predictor of performance, health, or potential, emphasizing individualized assessment, body composition, metabolic health, and functional fitness.