tailoring

Tailoring is the craft of constructing and fitting garments to an individual’s measurements, with careful patterning, cutting, assembling, and finishing. It is especially associated with jackets, suits, and coats, and relies on precise fit, structure, and attention to detail.

Historically, tailoring developed in Europe through bespoke service, where each garment was made to a patron’s measurements and preferences. Savile Row in London became renowned for menswear tailoring in the 19th and 20th centuries. In the 20th century, ready-to-wear and made-to-measure systems expanded access, while bespoke and couture traditions persisted in various regions.

Core steps include taking measurements, drafting a pattern, cutting fabric, assembling pieces, and fitting the garment on the client. Interlinings such as canvas or horsehair provide structure and resilience. Garment construction may involve hand or machine stitching, with emphasis on clean seams, durable finishing, and careful pressing during the final stages.

Common tools include a tape measure, pattern paper, scissors, chalk or fabric marker, pins, sewing machine, and pressing equipment. Fabrics used for tailoring typically include wool and wool blends for suits, with canvas interlinings and appropriate linings chosen for drape and support.

Types of tailoring range from bespoke (made-to-measure from a unique pattern with multiple fittings) to made-to-measure and ready-to-wear variants. Alterations and tailoring services are offered by specialty houses and independent tailors, and modern practice increasingly integrates digital pattern making and on-demand production to improve fit and efficiency.