Laparoendoskopisk

Laparoendoskopisk, or laparoendoscopic, refers to a family of minimally invasive surgical techniques that combine laparoscopy with endoscopy to access and treat conditions within the abdominal and pelvic cavities. In laparoscopy, small incisions allow the insertion of a camera and instruments, providing external visualization of the organs. In laparoendoscopic approaches, endoscopes are also used to visualize the interior of hollow organs or ducts from within, either through natural orifices or additional peritoneal access. The combination enables the surgeon to view and treat complex pathology with enhanced precision while limiting tissue trauma.

Applications span urology, gynecology, and general surgery. In urology, laparoendoscopic methods are used for procedures involving the kidneys and urinary tract, such as stone removal, reconstruction, or tumor excision. In gynecology, certain pelvic reconstructions and tumor resections have been performed with laparoendoscopic approaches. In other domains, surgeons may employ combined endoscopic and laparoscopic techniques to access the biliary system or to perform intricate dissections with improved visualization.

Technical considerations include the use of standard laparoscopic ports along with endoscopic equipment, careful coordination between teams, and specialized training. Advantages reported include reduced incision size, less postoperative pain, shorter hospital stays, and faster recovery, although operative times can be longer during the learning curve. Risks are similar to other minimally invasive procedures, including bleeding, infection, injury to adjacent organs, and equipment-related complications. Patient selection and surgeon expertise are critical to outcomes.