Lakkaus

Lakkaus refers to the Finnish term for varnishing or lacquering, the process of applying a lacquer coating to a surface to protect it and enhance its appearance. It can also denote the resulting coated surface. In woodworking, furniture making, and instrument finishing, lakkaus provides protection against moisture, wear, and chemicals, and it allows control over gloss, depth of color, and texture.

The procedure typically begins with surface preparation—cleaning, sanding, and sometimes filling—followed by the application of one or more coats of lacquer by brush, spray, or immersion. Each coat is allowed to dry and often sanded or scuffed between applications to improve adhesion and smoothness. The final layer determines the visible finish, which can range from high gloss to matte or satin.

Common lacquers include solvent-based nitrocellulose lacquers, polyurethane lacquers, water-based lacquers, and shellac-based varnishes. They differ in drying time, odor and VOC content, hardness, and resistance to abrasion and chemicals. The choice depends on substrate, required durability, and environmental considerations.

Historically, lacquering has deep roots in East Asian woodworking and lacquerware, with modern lakkaus emphasizing durability, safety, and ease of maintenance. Safety considerations include proper ventilation and adherence to product instructions due to solvent and VOC exposure.

Lakkaus also encompasses the maintenance of finished surfaces, such as cleaning with appropriate products and re-coating when the finish shows wear.