LDLCcsökkent

LDLCcsökkent, translating roughly to LDL-C reduction in Hungarian medical usage, denotes the set of strategies aimed at lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the bloodstream to reduce the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The term is used in clinical and research contexts to describe both non-pharmacological and pharmacological efforts to achieve lower LDL-C levels.

Mechanisms and targets: LDL-C reduction is achieved by reducing hepatic cholesterol synthesis, decreasing intestinal cholesterol absorption, or increasing hepatic LDL receptor activity. Statins inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, lowering hepatic cholesterol and upregulating LDL receptors. Ezetimibe blocks intestinal absorption. PCSK9 inhibitors (monoclonal antibodies like evolocumab and alirocumab) and inclisiran (siRNA) enhance LDL receptor recycling. Bempedoic acid provides an additional hepatic cholesterol-synthesis inhibition. Lifestyle changes that support LDLCcsökkent include dietary patterns rich in fruits, vegetables, and fiber, reduced saturated fat intake, regular physical activity, weight management, and smoking cessation.

Measurement and targets: LDL-C is measured via fasting lipid panels. Targets depend on cardiovascular risk; guidelines commonly recommend lower LDL-C levels for high-risk individuals and those with established disease, with typical targets often below 100 mg/dL and sometimes below 70 mg/dL in very high-risk patients, recognizing individual factors and tolerances.

Safety and challenges: Statins are well established but may cause myopathy or elevated liver enzymes in some patients; statin intolerance can complicate LDLCcsökkent. PCSK9 inhibitors and inclisiran are effective but cost and access considerations apply. Adherence and monitoring are important to maintain reductions.

See also: LDL cholesterol, lipid-lowering therapy, statins, ezetimibe, PCSK9 inhibitors, inclisiran.