Kudyapi

Kudyapi, also spelled kudiyapi, is a traditional Filipino two-stringed, long-necked lute originating from the southern Philippines, especially Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago. It is widely associated with Moro communities such as the Maguindanaon, Maranao, Tausug, and Sama, as well as various indigenous groups in the region. The instrument functions as both a melodic and narrative accompaniment, often used in epic singing, courtship, weddings, and other communal ceremonies.

Construction and playing are distinctive: the kudyapi consists of a long, slender neck attached to a carved wooden resonator, typically boat-shaped. The body is usually carved from hardwood, and the strings run along the neck, being plucked with a plectrum or the fingers. Most versions have two strings, commonly tuned to a fixed interval, such as a fifth, to allow melodic playing with drone or accompaniment. Fretting is done with the left hand to change pitch.

Performing the instrument typically involves sitting or standing, placing the instrument across the lap or thigh, and plucking the strings while the left hand frets to produce melody. The sound is clear and bright, capable of fast, ornamented passages and expressive intonation. The kudyapi can be played solo or as part of ensembles with other traditional instruments, such as kulintang, dabakan, or gandingan, depending on regional practice.

Variations exist in body shape, tuning, and playing style across communities. While strongly linked to ceremonial and social contexts, the kudyapi remains a living tradition, taught in families and among skilled practitioners and adapted to contemporary musical contexts.