plectrum

A plectrum, also known as a pick, is a small, flat object used to pluck or strum the strings of many chordophones, including guitars, mandolins, bouzoukis, and lutes. The term derives from the Greek plektron, meaning a small piece used for striking.

Plectra are produced in a wide range of materials. Traditional tortoiseshell is now restricted by conservation laws; most players today use plastics such as celluloid, acrylic, or nylon, though wood, bone, metal, and stone are also employed for specialty sounds. Common shapes include teardrop, triangle, and Jazz-style wedges, often with bevels at the tip. Thickness varies from thin to extra-heavy, and grip textures range from smooth to ridged. Material and shape influence tone, attack, sustain, and precision.

With a pick, players can achieve bright, articulate tones with rapid attack and precise control, or a softer response with lighter gauges. Plectra are especially common for strumming and fast picking in many genres, though some players prefer fingerpicks or use their nails for classical guitar. Instrument and style guide the choice of material, shape, and thickness.

Historically plectra were used by lute and vihuela players and in other ancient plucked traditions; modern classical guitarists mostly rely on fingernails or fingerpicks. In contemporary music, plectra are widely used in rock, jazz, folk, and many world music traditions.