strum

Strum is a technique used on many stringed instruments in which the player brushes or sweeps the strings with a pick or the fingers to produce a chordal accompaniment or rhythmic texture. Strumming is distinguished from arpeggiation or picking, which plucks individual strings to articulate melodies. Strumming emphasizes the simultaneous sounding of multiple strings and often serves as the rhythmic foundation of a song.

In guitar and related instruments, strumming can be performed with a plectrum (pick) or with the flesh of the fingers. Downstrokes and upstrokes create different accents; patterns are often described with letters such as D for down and U for up. Common patterns include D-D-U-D-U and D-U-U-D, though players vary the rhythm, tempo, and dynamics. Strums can be broad and loud, light and delicate, or percussive when the strings are muted or slapped with the edge of the hand. Rasgueado is a flamenco technique involving rapid outward flicks of multiple fingers to produce a vigorous, percussive strum.

Strumming appears in many musical styles, from folk and country to rock and pop. It is typically used to provide rhythm and harmony, accompanying vocals or other instruments. Although associated most closely with guitar and ukulele, strumming techniques are also used on mandolins, bouzoukis, and other plucked instruments.

Beginner practice often focuses on steady tempo, even strums, and precise down-up coordination, gradually layering accent and muting to shape a song’s feel.