Konkusjon

Konkusjon, sometimes spelled konkusion in some language variants, is a term used to describe concussion, a type of mild traumatic brain injury resulting from a rapid movement of the head or a blow to the body that transfers force to the brain. The word derives from Latin concussio, meaning to shake violently. In English, concussion is the standard term; konkusjon is encountered in some non-English medical texts or regional usage.

Concussions occur when mechanical forces cause the brain to move within the skull, which can disrupt brain function even without visible injury on imaging. They are commonly associated with sports injuries, falls, vehicle accidents, and blasts in military settings. Risk factors include previous concussions, larger impact forces, and inadequate recovery time between injuries. Symptoms typically fall into physical, cognitive, and emotional categories and may appear immediately or be delayed for hours. Common signs include headache, dizziness, confusion, memory problems, nausea, sensitivity to light or noise, balance difficulties, and sleep disturbances.

Diagnosis is usually clinical, based on medical history and a targeted neurological examination. Imaging such as CT or MRI is not routinely required unless there are red flags (for example, worsening symptoms, weakness, seizures, or deteriorating consciousness) that suggest a more severe injury. Standardized assessment tools and return-to-play protocols help guide management.

Treatment emphasizes rest in the initial phase, followed by a gradual, symptom-limited return to activity under medical supervision. Educational support and avoiding activities that worsen symptoms are common strategies. Most people recover within days to weeks, but some experience prolonged symptoms. Recurrent concussions pose higher risk of complications and require careful management and longer recovery before resuming high-risk activities.