Kokonaislaite

Kokonaislaite is a Finnish term used in engineering and technology to describe an integrated, self-contained device that is designed to perform a complete function within a system. It combines multiple subsystems into a single enclosure, providing the necessary hardware, software, interfaces, and user interaction in one unit rather than as separate modular components.

Such devices typically include sensing elements, processing electronics, actuators or outputs, power supply, a firmware/software stack, and a user interface. They are designed for plug-and-play installation or straightforward system integration, offering standard interfaces (communication buses, connectors, and protocols) to interact with other equipment.

Common applications include industrial automation controllers, medical devices, consumer electronics, automotive modules, building management systems, and laboratory instrumentation. They are used where a complete, validated unit simplifies procurement and reduces integration risk.

Advantages include reduced integration effort, improved reliability through a packaged design, and streamlined certification processes. Challenges include reduced flexibility to swap individual subsystems, potentially higher unit cost, and the need for comprehensive serviceability and upgradability planning.

Compliance and certification are important, with relevant standards depending on the application domain (for example EMC, safety, medical device regulations, RoHS). Designers must consider maintainability, spare parts, and end-of-life disposal.

See also: embedded system, all-in-one device, integrated system.