Kiertohäiriöt

Kiertohäiriöt refers to menstrual irregularities or disruptions in the normal menstrual cycle. These can manifest in various ways, including changes in the duration of the period, the amount of bleeding, the frequency of periods, or the presence of pain. A typical menstrual cycle lasts about 28 days, though a range of 21 to 35 days is considered normal. The duration of bleeding usually ranges from 3 to 7 days.

Common types of kiertohäiriöt include amenorrhea, which is the absence of menstruation; oligomenorrhea, characterized by infrequent periods; polymenorrhea, with excessively frequent periods; menorrhagia, defined by heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding; and metrorrhagia, which involves bleeding between periods. Dysmenorrhea, or painful menstruation, can also be considered a type of kiertohäiriö if the pain is severe or significantly disrupts daily life.

The causes of kiertohäiriöt are diverse and can range from hormonal imbalances to lifestyle factors and underlying medical conditions. Hormonal fluctuations, particularly involving estrogen and progesterone, are central to the menstrual cycle, and disruptions in these hormones can lead to irregularities. Common causes include stress, significant weight changes, excessive exercise, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), thyroid disorders, uterine fibroids, polyps, and certain medications.

Diagnosis typically involves a medical history, physical examination, and potentially blood tests to assess hormone levels and rule out other conditions. Pelvic ultrasounds or other imaging techniques may also be used. Treatment strategies depend entirely on the underlying cause. For hormonal imbalances, hormone therapy might be prescribed. Lifestyle modifications, such as stress management, dietary adjustments, or moderation in exercise, can also be beneficial. Addressing underlying conditions like PCOS or thyroid issues is crucial for managing kiertohäiriöt.