Keulapuskuri

Keulapuskuri is the front bumper assembly of a motor vehicle. It is designed to absorb impact in low-speed collisions, shield the hood, grille, and underlying structures, and improve pedestrian protection. It is typically mounted to the vehicle frame via an impact-absorbing subframe and brackets and is integrated with other front-end elements such as the grille, air intake, headlights, and sensors.

The exterior cover is usually made of thermoplastic polymers such as polypropylene, ABS, or polyurethane, and may incorporate decorative trim. Behind the cover lies an energy-absorbing layer or foam and a rigid reinforcement bar (often steel or aluminum) to distribute crash force. Modern bumpers may include crumple zones and energy-absorbing crash boxes, and can house or accommodate sensors for parking assistance, radar, or cameras.

Design varies by vehicle category and market; bumpers must comply with safety regulations that govern pedestrian protection, occupant protection, and compatibility with other safety systems. In the European Union and other jurisdictions, bumper performance is tested in lab and on-road scenarios; differences exist between OEM and aftermarket parts.

Repair and replacement: after damage, keulapuskuri is often replaced or repaired; color matching and repainting may be required. Insurance processes may distinguish between front-end insurance claims and bodywork.

Etymology and usage: In Finnish, keula means front and puskuri means bumper; the term keulapuskuri is widely used in Finnish automotive repair and consumer contexts to refer specifically to the front bumper assembly.