Kellergeschoss

Kellergeschoss is the lowest floor of a building, typically situated below ground level. In German-speaking countries the term denotes the basement level as a whole and is commonly used for storage, technical facilities, and sometimes living spaces. Depending on the construction, the Kellergeschoss may be fully underground or partly above ground, often with light wells or basement windows to provide daylight.

Typical uses include storage of tools and goods, housing of heating and electrical equipment, laundry areas, workshops, hobby rooms, and sometimes wine cellars in appropriate climates. In residential buildings the Kellergeschoss often contains the boiler or furnace, water heaters, and other mechanical systems, as well as storage rooms or utility spaces. In rural areas or older houses, it may also house a cellar pantry or additional storage.

Construction and design considerations focus on moisture management and stability. Basements require robust waterproofing and drainage to prevent dampness; walls are usually concrete or masonry with damp-proofing membranes. The floor is typically concrete, often sloped toward drains. Sump pumps, perimeter drainage, and adequate ventilation help control moisture. Ceiling heights are generally lower than on living floors. If converted to living space, insulation, ventilation, and compliance with living-space standards become important.

Variations include multiple basement levels or subdivided basement rooms (Kellerabteile). The Kellergeschoss is distinct from the upper floors (Obergeschoss) and the ground floor (Erdgeschoss). In wine regions, the Kellergeschoss is valued for its stable, cool temperatures suitable for cellaring wine.