Kategorikal

Kategorikal is an Indonesian term that describes something related to categories or belonging to a particular class. It is commonly used to translate the English word categorical and appears in academic, statistical, and logical contexts. The root word kategori means category, and the suffix -kal forms an adjective indicating pertaining to or characteristic of.

In logic, kategorikal refers to propositions that concern all members of a category, as in the classical categorical propositions used in syllogistic reasoning. These statements, such as All S are P or No S are P, make universal or existential claims about classes or sets of objects defined by a common attribute. The term highlights the relationship between a subject class and a predicate class within a fixed logical form.

In statistics and data analysis, kategorikal describes data that take on a limited number of distinct categories rather than continuous numerical values. This includes nominal data (no inherent order, such as color or gender) and ordinal data (with a meaningful order, such as ratings). Kategorikal data are analyzed using methods like chi-squared tests and nonparametric procedures, and they require different encoding and modeling approaches than numerical data.

In computer science and machine learning, fitur kategorikal (categorical features) are common inputs that often need to be encoded for algorithms. Techniques such as one-hot encoding or label encoding convert categories into a numeric form suitable for modeling, with attention to issues like high cardinality and potential artificial ordering.

Kategorikal remains a versatile descriptor across disciplines for phenomena that are defined by discrete categories rather than continuous measurements.