Kaevandamist
Kaevandamist is the Estonian term for mining, the process of extracting minerals and energy resources from the Earth’s crust. It covers prospecting, development, extraction, processing, and post-closure rehabilitation. The aim is to obtain economic value while managing environmental and social impacts.
Mining operations are typically categorized by the location of the ore body. Open-pit or surface mining removes
Extraction is followed by processing to separate valuable minerals from waste rock. Processing may involve crushing
Environmental and safety considerations are central to modern kaevandamist. Impacts include land disturbance, water management, air
Regulation and governance cover licensing, permitting, environmental impact assessments, and adherence to safety standards. Economic effects