Kachelofen

Kachelofen, also known as a tiled stove, is a type of masonry heater common in German-speaking regions of Europe. It consists of a firebox and a heat-retaining masonry core that is clad in ceramic tiles (Kacheln). The tiles and the surrounding brick or masonry absorb heat from the fire and store it, allowing long-lasting radiant heat to be released after the fire is extinguished.

Construction and operation

A Kachelofen typically features a firebox connected to a network of flue passages within the masonry core. The design maximizes heat storage, so the stove heats up slowly and then radiates heat for many hours. The outer surface is decorated with ceramic tiles, which contribute to heat transfer and provide a durable, decorative finish. The stove is normally fueled by wood or other solid fuels, though some modern variants may be integrated into heating systems with water or central heating through a heat exchanger. The emphasis is on high thermal mass and gradual heat release rather than rapid convection.

History and regional use

Tile stoves emerged in Central Europe during the late Middle Ages and Renaissance, with widespread adoption in German-speaking areas, Austria, Bohemia, and parts of Poland. They were valued for efficient heat storage and even warming of living spaces in cold winters. The term Kachelofen reflects the prominent role of ceramic tiles in their construction and appearance.

Variants and modern use

Today, Kachelofen remains common in traditional homes and newer constructions that seek a classic aesthetic combined with efficient heating. Variants include simplified tile stoves, heat-storage models, and those integrated with modern heating systems. Maintenance focuses on chimney cleanliness, checking for tile or mortar cracks, and ensuring proper ventilation and safe clearances from combustibles.