Jääkarttuminen

Jääkarttuminen, often translated as ice accretion or icing, refers to the accumulation of ice on surfaces. This phenomenon typically occurs when supercooled water droplets, such as those found in fog or clouds, come into contact with a surface that is at or below the freezing point of water. The impact and subsequent freezing of these droplets lead to the formation of ice.

The process can be influenced by several factors, including ambient temperature, the size and concentration of water droplets, wind speed, and the properties of the surface itself. Different types of ice can form, such as rime ice, which is granular and opaque, or glaze ice, which is smooth, transparent, and often forms in a more solid sheet.

Jääkarttuminen is a significant concern in various fields. In aviation, it can severely impair aircraft performance by increasing weight, disrupting airflow over wings, and affecting the function of control surfaces. This can lead to loss of lift and control, making it a critical hazard. In civil engineering, ice accretion can cause structural damage to bridges, power lines, and buildings due to added weight and stress. On roads and runways, it creates slippery conditions, increasing the risk of accidents. Understanding and mitigating the effects of jääkarttuminen is therefore essential for safety and operational integrity in these sectors.