Jousiliukusäätimet

Jousiliukusäätimet, also known as spring-loaded regulators or spring-loaded governors, are mechanical devices used to control the speed of an engine or machine by automatically adjusting the fuel supply. They are typically employed in applications where a consistent speed is required, even under varying loads.

The core component of a jousiliukusäädin is a set of rotating weights, often called flyweights or centrifugal masses, attached to a shaft driven by the engine. As the engine speed increases, centrifugal force causes these weights to move outwards. This outward movement is opposed by a spring or springs. The position of the flyweights is linked to a throttle valve or fuel control mechanism.

When the engine speed rises above a set point, the flyweights move outwards, overcoming the spring tension. This action is translated, usually through a linkage system, to partially close the throttle valve or reduce the fuel flow. Conversely, if the engine speed drops due to an increased load, the flyweights move inwards due to reduced centrifugal force and the spring tension, causing the throttle valve to open further or increase fuel flow. This feedback loop helps maintain the engine speed close to its desired setting.

Jousiliukusäätimet are relatively simple and robust in design, making them reliable for various industrial and automotive applications. They are particularly common in older diesel engines, agricultural machinery, and generators where precise speed regulation is essential but sophisticated electronic controls are not required or feasible. The sensitivity and operating range of the regulator can be adjusted by changing the spring stiffness or the geometry of the flyweights and linkages.