Hiontakoneet

Hiontakoneet, known in English as grinding machines, are a class of equipment used to remove material from a workpiece by abrasion. The process produces a smooth surface finish, precise dimensions, and controlled tolerances. Grinding is typically used as a finishing step following other machining operations, and certain grinding processes can achieve high dimensional accuracy and surface quality.

Common types include portable angle grinders and die grinders for on-site or light-duty work; bench grinders for tool sharpening and general shaping; surface grinders for flat surfaces; cylindrical grinders for round surfaces; centerless grinders for high-volume, accurate axles; gear grinders for gears; belt grinders for flat or contoured surfaces; and specialized CNC grinding machines for high-precision parts. Each type is suited to different shapes, tolerances, and production requirements.

Most hiontakoneet use an abrasive wheel or belt driven by an electric motor. Workpieces are held by fixtures or chucks, and material removal occurs as the wheel or belt contacts the workpiece under controlled feed and speed. Wheel dressing and maintaining the abrasive surface are important to preserve cutting efficiency and surface quality. Cooling methods, such as flood irrigation or mist, are used for some operations to manage heat generation.

Safety and standards are important considerations. Operators rely on guards, personal protective equipment, and proper training. Regular wheel inspection, correct wheel speed, and dust management contribute to safe operation. Compliance with regional standards (for example EN and ISO specifications) helps ensure interoperability and safety.

Applications range from finishing metal components in automotive, aerospace, and tooling industries to tool sharpening and preparation in metalworking shops. Some woodworking tools also use grinding processes for blade shaping and edge finishing.