grinders

Grinders are machines that remove material from a workpiece by abrasion. They use rotating abrasive surfaces—usually wheels or belts—to shape, finish, or cut. Grinders are found in metalworking, woodworking, construction, and food processing, ranging from small handheld tools to large industrial systems.

In metalworking, common grinders include bench grinders, angle grinders, die grinders, surface grinders, and cylindrical or centerless grinders. Bench grinders have two wheels and are used for sharpening and deburring. Angle grinders are hand-held and versatile, often used for cutting, grinding, and rust removal. Die grinders are high-speed rotary tools for precision work. Surface grinders produce flat, accurate surfaces with a rotating abrasive wheel. Belt grinders use abrasive belts for rapid stock removal and finishing.

In food processing, grinders process meat, grains, coffee, and other materials. Meat grinders force meat through perforated plates to produce ground meat; electric and manual models vary in capacity. Coffee grinders come in blade and burr designs; burr grinders using two revolving surfaces produce more uniform particle size than blade grinders. Some mills grind grains or spices for culinary use.

Safety and maintenance: grinders generate heat, dust, and sparks; guards, eye protection, hearing protection, and proper wheel selection are essential. Wheels must be properly rated for pressure and speed, mounted correctly, and kept clean and true. Regular maintenance reduces vibration, noise, and risk of wheel breakage.