Hemiscylliidae

Hemiscylliidae is a family of cartilaginous fishes commonly known as bamboo sharks and wobbegongs. These are ground sharks found in the Indo-Pacific region. They are characterized by their elongated bodies, flattened heads, and the presence of barbels around their mouths. Unlike many other sharks, Hemiscylliidae have five gill slits and lack the nictitating membrane.

Bamboo sharks, belonging to the genus Chiloscyllium, are typically smaller and more slender. They often have distinctive patterns of spots or lines, which can change as they mature. These sharks are nocturnal and spend their days resting in crevices or under ledges, emerging at night to hunt for small invertebrates and fish.

Wobbegongs, from the genus Orectolobus, are more robust and possess distinctive flattened heads with elaborate skin flaps around their mouths. These flaps help them camouflage themselves against the seafloor, allowing them to ambush unsuspecting prey. Wobbegongs are benthic predators, lying in wait on rocky reefs or coral.

Hemiscylliidae are oviparous, meaning they lay eggs. The eggs are typically enclosed in a leathery egg case with long tendrils that help anchor them to the substrate. These sharks are generally considered harmless to humans, though larger wobbegongs may bite if provoked or if mistaken for food. Their populations can be affected by habitat degradation and overfishing in some areas.