Hautdruck

Hautdruck is the mechanical pressure exerted by external forces on the skin and the underlying tissues. It results from contact with surfaces, seating, clothing, or medical devices and is distributed over the contact area. The magnitude, duration, distribution, and the presence of shear or moisture all influence how Hautdruck affects the tissue.

The tissue response to Hautdruck depends on several factors, including tissue perfusion, tissue composition, and movement. If the pressure exceeds the capillary perfusion pressure for an extended period, blood flow to the affected area can be reduced, risking ischemia and tissue damage. Shear forces and moisture can aggravate this risk, increasing the likelihood of skin breakdown. Clinically, sustained Hautdruck is a primary factor in the development of pressure ulcers, especially in immobile or critically ill individuals.

Measurement and management of Hautdruck are common in healthcare, ergonomics, and prosthetics research. Pressure mapping and skin-contact sensors are used to assess pressure distribution at interfaces such as chairs, mattresses, and orthotic devices. Reported values are typically in kilopascals (kPa) or millimeters of mercury (mmHg). A general aim is to keep peak interface pressures below the threshold at which capillary flow becomes compromised, and to minimize prolonged loading through repositioning, cushions, and supportive surfaces.

Preventive strategies focus on reducing Hautdruck and accompanying shear, improving comfort, and maintaining skin integrity. This includes regular repositioning, use of pressure-relieving mattresses and cushions, proper alignment, and control of moisture and temperature at the skin interface. Hautdruck is thus a central concept in wound prevention, ergonomics, and rehabilitation.