chairs

Chairs are a piece of furniture designed to support a seated person. They typically include a seat, a backrest, and legs; many also include armrests. Chairs differ in form, materials, and construction, from simple stools to elaborately upholstered armchairs.

Historically, chairs have ranged from simple stools to symbols of authority. In antiquity and the Middle Ages chairs were rare for ordinary people; seating was often on the ground or on benches. With the Renaissance and later industrialization, chairs became common in homes, offices, and public spaces, evolving in form and mass production.

Design and components: Common materials include wood, metal, plastic, and upholstery. Construction uses joinery, screws, and adhesives. Typical types include dining chairs, armchairs, lounge chairs, office chairs, rocking chairs, and folding chairs.

Ergonomics and variation: Standard seat height is roughly 16-21 inches (40-53 cm) from the floor; seat depth around 14-16 inches (35-40 cm). Backrests, lumbar support, and adjustability in office chairs aim to promote posture and comfort.

Cultural significance and notable designs: Chairs can indicate status (thrones, ceremonial chairs) and reflect regional craft. Notable examples include Windsor chair, Thonet No. 14, Eames Lounge Chair, and Barcelona chair.

Sustainability and maintenance: Materials influence durability and recyclability. Proper care, cleaning, and occasional upholstery replacement extend a chair’s life.