Happepõletikuid

Happepõletikuid, also known as gastritis, refers to inflammation of the stomach lining. This condition can arise from various factors, including infection by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen and aspirin, excessive alcohol consumption, and stress. Other less common causes include autoimmune disorders, bile reflux, and certain medical treatments.

The symptoms of gastritis can vary in severity and may include abdominal pain or discomfort, nausea, vomiting, a feeling of fullness in the upper abdomen after eating, and loss of appetite. Some individuals may experience no symptoms at all. In more severe cases, gastritis can lead to bleeding in the stomach, which can manifest as vomiting blood or black, tarry stools.

Diagnosis of gastritis typically involves a review of medical history, a physical examination, and potentially diagnostic tests. These tests might include an upper endoscopy, where a flexible tube with a camera is inserted down the throat to visualize the stomach lining, and biopsies taken during the procedure can help identify H. pylori infection or other abnormalities. Blood tests may also be used to check for anemia, which can result from chronic bleeding.

Treatment for gastritis depends on the underlying cause. If H. pylori infection is present, antibiotics and acid-reducing medications are prescribed. For NSAID-induced gastritis, discontinuing the medication and using antacids or other stomach-protecting drugs is recommended. Lifestyle modifications, such as reducing alcohol intake, avoiding trigger foods, and managing stress, are also crucial. Severe cases may require more aggressive medical intervention.