HDLkolesteroli

HDLkolesteroli refers to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, typically abbreviated HDL-C, and is the portion of total cholesterol carried by HDL particles in the blood. In Finnish-language contexts the term HDL-kolesteroli or HDLkolesteroli is used interchangeably to describe this component, which is commonly described as the "good" cholesterol because higher levels are associated with a lower risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, though the relationship is influenced by multiple factors and is not solely causal.

HDL particles are involved in reverse cholesterol transport: they collect cholesterol from peripheral tissues, including macrophages in arterial walls, and deliver it to the liver for excretion or re-utilization. The process involves enzymes such as LCAT and proteins such as ABCA1, SR-BI, and CETP, and the functional quality of HDL can vary even at similar cholesterol content.

HDL-C is measured in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) of blood in the United States, or millimoles per liter (mmol/L) in many other countries. Typical reference ranges place HDL-C above about 60 mg/dL (1.6 mmol/L) as protective, while levels below 40 mg/dL (men) and 50 mg/dL (women) are associated with higher risk; however risk assessment considers the full lipid profile and other factors.

Levels of HDL-C are influenced by genetics, sex, age, body weight, physical activity, smoking status, and diet. Regular aerobic exercise, smoking cessation, and maintaining a healthy weight tend to raise HDL-C; alcohol has a complex effect and is not recommended as a therapy.

Clinical guidance emphasizes reducing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and overall cardiovascular risk. Elevating HDL-C pharmacologically has not consistently reduced events, and current strategies focus on lifestyle and comprehensive risk management.