Gymnorhina

Gymnorhina is a genus of passerine birds that was historically used to classify the Australian magpie, once described as Gymnorhina tibicen. In contemporary taxonomy, Gymnorhina is treated as a junior synonym of Cracticus, and the Australian magpie is referred to as Cracticus tibicen. As a result, the genus Gymnorhina is generally considered deprecated in modern checklists, with most authorities placing the species in Cracticus rather than Gymnorhina.

Taxonomy and nomenclature: The genus was established in the 19th century based on morphological characteristics. Later molecular studies prompted a reorganization of related birds, leading to the reclassification of the Australian magpie into Cracticus. Consequently, Gymnorhina is no longer widely recognized as a valid genus in current scientific usage.

Distribution and habitat: The Australian magpie is native to southern and eastern Australia and Tasmania. It occupies open woodlands, farmland, and urban parks and gardens. The species is common in towns and agricultural regions but generally avoids the arid interior and the tropical north of the continent.

Ecology and behavior: The magpie is renowned for its varied, melodic vocalizations and complex social behavior. It is territorial during the breeding season and may exhibit protective or aggressive behavior toward potential intruders. Its diet is omnivorous, including insects, seeds, and small vertebrates. Nests are typically built in trees, with clutches consisting of several eggs. The species plays a prominent ecological and cultural role across its range.