Grenada

Grenada is a sovereign island country in the southeastern Caribbean Sea. It comprises the main island of Grenada and the smaller islands of Carriacou and Petite Martinique. The capital is Saint George's. English is the official language; Grenadian Creole English is widely spoken. The population is about 112,000 and the currency is the Eastern Caribbean dollar (XCD).

Grenada covers about 344 square kilometers and has a volcanic, mountainous interior with tropical rainforest. The highest point is Mount Saint Catherine. Notable features include Grand Etang crater lake and a coastline lined with bays and beaches.

The islands were inhabited by Arawak and Carib peoples before European contact. Christopher Columbus claimed Grenada for Spain in 1498. It passed between French and British control and became an independent Commonwealth realm on February 7, 1974. In 1983 a leftist coup and subsequent U.S.-led intervention affected the country, after which stability returned and democratic rule was restored.

Grenada is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy. The monarch is the head of state, represented by a governor-general. The prime minister is the head of government. Parliament is bicameral, with the Senate and the House of Representatives.

The economy is small and open, with tourism as a major sector alongside agriculture, especially nutmeg, mace, cinnamon, and cocoa. Grenada is often called the Spice Isle. The economy is vulnerable to hurricanes and external shocks.

Grenada's society is predominantly Christian, with various denominations represented. English is official; Grenadian Creole English is common. Cultural life features carnival celebrations and music such as calypso and soca, as well as distinctive Grenadian cuisine like oil down.